Case n. 2 - 2 (The competence of the Municipal Authority of the municipality with extended powers after decreeing the institutional care for the treatment of the minor child)

Case n. 2 - 2 (The competence of the Municipal Authority of the municipality with extended powers after decreeing the institutional care for the treatment of the minor child)

According to the judgment of the District Court in Jihlava, ref. 37/012-85 of 31^st July 2012, which came into force on 5^th October 2012, the institutional treatment of the boy, who attended the second grade of primary school in the last school year, was ordered.

The family is a permanent resident at Jihlava, Brněnská 49.

Task:
Focus on the competence of the Municipal Authority of the municipality with extended powers (the municipality of the 3^rd  type is possible) after decreeing the institutional care for the treatment of the minor child.

Key words and phrases to be solved:

-          Judgment of the District Court in Jihlava

-          Regulation of institutional care

-          A family is a permanent resident

-          Competence of the municipality of the 3^rd type

Solution:The municipal authority of the municipality with extended power contacts the appropriate diagnostic facility, after the judgment on institutional treatment of the minor child is effective, and it decides which facility for institutional care the boy should be placed to.

The municipality of the 3^rd type sends a written notice to the parents (guardians) of the boy to bring him to the designated home. If they do not respond to the notice, the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children files a motion regarding the decision to the court that decided on the institutional care. Placement is ensured by the court. A social worker from the municipality of the 3^rd type only provides assistance there. (placement of a minor child to a facility for institutional care)

A social worker from the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children is obliged to visit the boy in the home at least once every 3 months. During the visits he/she has the right to speak with the boy, a leader of the care group in which he is included, with a social worker in the home, a classroom teacher, as well as the right to access to the case file. When visiting the home, the social worker is interested in the development of the boy, and whether the parents or another person show interest in him and in what way (especially if the boy is visited regularly). (visits to a minor child in a facility for institutional care)

Furthermore, a social worker from the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children is obliged to visit the family, from where the boy was placed into a home, at least once every three months. Social inquiry is focused primarily on whether the parents try to create appropriate treatment conditions, so that the boy could return back home and how they maintain contact with the minor child. (social investigation on the legal guardians of a child who has been placed in facilities for institutional care)

The municipality of the 3^rd type may give a written consent to the temporary residence of the child outside the home at the request of the natural person. Before issuing an approval, social inquiry is performed by the person, who is interested in visiting the child. The opinions of the home and of the boy are requested as well. The consent may be given up to 14 days and then in case of interest it can be extended.

Institutional care lasts up to 18 years of age. Exceptionally, it may be extended up to 19 years. The extension can only be decided by at he court and before reaching the age of majority.

Key words and phrases to be solved:

-          The appropriate diagnostic facility

-          To invite the parents of the boy

-          Do not respond to the appeal

-          Enforcement of a decision

-          The court gives judgment – ensures the placement of a child in a home

-          The Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children provides assistance during the execution

-          The social worker is required to attend the boy’s home

-          At least once in 3 months

-          He/she has the right to speak with the boy

-          To speak to caregivers, social workers and a class teacher (or school counsellor at school)

-          To access the case file

-          Development of the boy

-          The interest of the parents in the child

-          The social worker is required to work with the family from where the child was placed in the home

-          Social inquiry

-          Appropriate treatment conditions

-          A written agreement with the temporary residence of the child outside the home

-          The opinion of the home and the boy

-          Up to 14 days

-          Institutional care lasts up to 18 years

The case is based on the following legislation:

Material:

The Family Act (94/1963 Coll., As amended)

The law on social and legal protection of children (359/1999 Sb., As amended)

Process:

Code of Civil Procedure (99/1963 Coll., As amended)

Cyber crime - video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu7c5t8JnYA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCt2hzpyWZc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDVO0Nhufow
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNh2e2QFxOQ

Cyber crime - video

Describe each video in 5 sentences:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0iaRn2WwPw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKS2Cfj_NAs&list=PLIJh7bG6WS8Cu9kXZhK9uQdVOj1MvmRwo&index=2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daF-_Q9lfg0

Twitter ends link with JustSpotted.com after ‘stalker’ warnings - text 5

Twitter ends link with JustSpotted.com after ‘stalker’ warnings

A Twitter has ended its relationship with JustSpotted.com after criticism the site will help people to stalk celebrities. The website, which is due to launch next week, is designed to track the movements of stars using updates from social networking sites. Postings from celebs’ Twitter accounts and sightings by fans will be used to put together a map showing where the stars are. It had been developed in co-operation with Twitter and other social networking websites to collate news of 7,000 celebrities who advertise their activities through the internet.

B Privacy campaign group Big Brother Watch reacted angrily to news of JustSpotted.com’s imminent launch and spokesman Daniel Hamilton said: “Aside from being hugely intrusive, it is a gift to stalkers and people regarded as being very strange or eccentric who could misuse it to harass celebrities.” PR expert Richard Hillgrove told the Independent he feared what could happen to people featured on the site if there are negative stories about them in the press.

C “This site can be used to facilitate a witch-hunt. You could create vigilantism, that’s a very dangerous aspect of it,” he warned. Their concerns were echoed by lawyers and Twitter has now decided to withdraw its support. Lawyer Rod Dadak said the site might break anti-stalking laws. “I don’t think this site will survive,” he said. “It could be seen as inciting people to pay celebrities a visit. It could amount to a criminal offence, and it is certainly invading privacy.”

D Matt Graves, a spokesman for the microblogging service, said: “This is not the product we licensed, and we have terminated their agreement.” Twitter had previously agreed to provide postings of celebrities to the team behind JustSpotted.com, but the new service was being marketed as a search engine project when the deal was negotiated.

E JustSpotted.com will go ahead as scheduled, using other applications to sift data from Twitter accounts. Its backers insist it cannot be used to stalk celebrities, as the real-time nature of the website means people will not be able to react quickly enough to sightings.

backer – příznivec

imminent launch – blízké spuštění

intrusive – dotěrný

nature – povaha

posting – aktualizování, příspěvek

sighting – pozorování

to facilitate – napomáhat, usnadnit

to sift – prošetřit

to terminate – ukončit

track – stopovat

vigilantism – bdělost

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.

1 Twitter has decided to stop its support

2 JustSpotted.com could be misuse it to harass celebrities

3 JustSpotted.com will go ahead

4 Matt Graves’ reaction

5 Introduction

2) Read the article again and answer the questions.

1 What is the article about?

2 What is JustSpotted.com? What does it do?

3 What is Twitter? What do its representatives say?

4 What does lawyer Rod Dadak think?

5 What is your opinion about JustSpotted.com?

3) Explain the following words.

1 stalker

2 criminal offence

3 to invade privacy

4 Twitter accounts

5 to stalk celebrities

What are social networks? How can they be misused? What information shouldn’t we publish there? What crimes are connected with using social networks?

Adjusted to:

Read more: http://www.metro.co.uk/news/844196-twitter-ends-link-with-justspotted-com-after-stalker-warnings

Net users try to avoid phish hooks - text 4

Net users try to avoid phish hooks

A In November 2002, when an e-mail attachment known as the W32/Mimail-I worm posed as a Web site link from online payment company PayPal, hundreds of people were duped into exposing their personal bank account information. The use of viruses, spam and Web sites to defraud financial institutions and their customers is a relatively new Internet phenomenon. Phishing crimes have been on the rise throughout the world and are increasingly coming from Central and Eastern Europe.

B “It is very important for consumers to not believe everything,” said Karel Pavlík of the Consumer Defence Association. He said phishing is not yet a common practice here, but he thinks it could be a growing problem as people start to use bank cards and credit cards set up for online purchases.

C North America has been the worst target of phishing. Customers of TD Canada Trust, Citibank, Ebay’s PayPal and Visa have all unwittingly spread account numbers, passwords and other sensitive information. Experts say the threat from phishing could potentially have a devastating impact on consumer trust in e-commerce and e-banking. The open nature of the Internet makes it easy for criminals to hide, say police and consumer advocates.

D While most crimes have been linked to the United States, where online transactions are more common, there have been a large number of phishing cases traced to Central Europe. U.S. intelligence recently cooperated with online auction site Ebay to look into a number of scams that came from Romania, resulting in the arrest of more than 100 people. One man, Dan Marius Stefan, was convicted of stealing nearly $500,000 (13.5 million Kč) through phishing and is now serving 30 months in a Romanian prison.

E Since 2002 the Czech Republic has taken a proactive approach to the issue by banning unsolicited advertising, including spam. The government called for greater fines of 10 million Kč, a penalty that would place the country near the top of the European Union scale. The government complied regulations on spam with European Commission in 2002. “This proposal harmonized Czech law with European law,” said OPDP spokeswoman Hana Štěpánková. “It allows people like you and me to decide who has our data. It makes our position stronger.”

duped – podvedený

nature – povaha

to pose – představovat

unsolicited – nevyžádaný

unwittingly – nevědomky, bezděčně

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.

1 Phishing has a devastating impact on consumer trust

2 Consumers should not believe everything

3 Regulations in the Czech Republic

4 Relatively new Internet phenomena

5 A number of scams came from Romania

2) Read the article again and answer the questions.

1 What is the article about?

2 What are relatively new Internet phenomena?

3 Which parts of the world are the worst targets of phishing?

4 What sensitive information is endangered?

5 What proactive approach has been taken in the Czech Republic?

3) Explain the following words.

1 personal bank account

2 spam

3 phishing crime

4 online purchase

5 password

6 e-banking

What is a spam? How can we protect our e-mail accounts against spam? What does it usually contain? What is a computer fraud? What are types of frauds?

Adjusted to:

http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/39188-net-users-try-to-avoid-phish-hooks.html

Jailed web sex offender is ‘parent’s worst nightmare’ - text 3

Jailed web sex offender is ‘parent’s worst nightmare’

A A judge branded a man a “parent’s worst nightmare” as he jailed him for two-and-a-half years for making indecent images of children he met through internet chat sites aimed at teenagers. Police found that Nicholas Bennett, 31, claimed to be aged just 15 on at least one occasion when talking to girls who told him they were under 16. He was sentenced at Maidstone Crown Court on Monday after pleading guilty to 10 sexual offences at an earlier hearing, a spokeswoman for Kent Police said. Bennett’s victims were between 11 and 16, with one living as far away as Sydney, Australia.

B He was arrested last year after a woman told police he tried to blackmail her by threatening to post images on the internet that she sent him as a child if she refused to engage in further role-play with him. Officers from the public protection crime unit then executed a search warrant at his home and arrested him on suspicion of possession of indecent images of children.

C On his computer equipment they also found records from chat showing a number of internet conversations he had had with children, along with evidence of him having posed as a 15-year-old boy by supplying false images of himself. Bennett told officers he spoke with teenagers but denied any of his internet chat was with children although police believe Bennett made contact with the girls through a teen chat website and it is suspected he used information found on social networking sites about the teenagers he spoke to befriend them.

D Detective Constable Mikaela Stevens, who led the investigation, said of the woman who made the initial report to police: “Her courage and co-operation with officers was important in bringing this offender before the courts and in identifying other children he had abused and also preventing further children from coming into contact with him in the future.”

E Bennett admitted five offences of causing or inciting pornography, four counts of making indecent images of children and one count of causing or inciting sexual activity with a child. Judge Philip Statman also gave him a 10-year sex offences prevention order and he must sign the sex offenders register for life.

indecent – neslušný, obscénní

nightmare – noční můra

pleading guilty – doznání viny

search warrant – příkaz k domovní prohlídce

threatening – hrození

to blackmail – vydírat

to brand – označit

to incite – podněcovat

to sentence – potrestat

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.

1 Stevens’ opinion

2 Bennett spoke to teenagers and claimed to be 15

3 Bennett arrested after blackmailing

4 Bennett’s sentence

5 Introduction

2) Read the article again and answer the questions.

1 What is the article about?

2 Who is Nicholas Bennett? What did he do?

3 What was found on Bennett’s computer?

4 Where did he contact teenagers? What did he want from them?

5 What sentence was he given?

3) Explain the following words.

1 sexual offence

2 to arrest

3 indecent images of children

4 teen chat website

5 pornography

What is child pornography? Who is a paedophile? What are chat sites? How can they be misused? How can we protect children against contacts with paedophiles?

Adjusted to:

http://www.metro.co.uk/home/827597-jailed-web-sex-offender-is-parents-worst-nightmare

Hackers see little risk in breaking law - text 2

Hackers see little risk in breaking law

A A hacker group from Slovakia called binary.division got inside the e-mail Web site Post.cz and set up the system to regurgitate passwords when a username was entered instead of requiring one. For four minutes the site was under the hacker’s control, until technicians at Czech OnLine, Post’s parent company, shut the system down.

B The hackers, who were virtually untraceable, did no harm other than disrupting operations for a few moments, but that doesn’t mean it won’t be worse next time. While the October 13 attack on the Post.cz site is hardly an anomaly, most Czech companies refuse to report hacker activity against their Web sites for fear of damaging their reputation and possibly their value, said Jiří Dastych, a major in the police presidium who deals with computer crime.

C Daniel Nalevajko, customer support director for Czech OnLine, said he isn’t surprised companies fail to report intrusions into their servers or on their Web sites. He said customers could desert a company they think can’t protect their private data. Seznam.cz routinely finds hackers trying to either break into their Web portal site or attempting to overload their system, said Petr Naidr, the company’s technical director. Even if the company notices the intrusion, tracking a hacker is difficult because attacks can come from any corner of the globe.

D “Hackers don’t avoid any countries,” Naidr said. “He can be sitting in the next room, be in another city, in a different country or on another continent.” Since most hacker intrusions are resolved by network administrators or Internet service providers, many companies don’t even think to contact police or don’t believe they can help, he added. And if a company’s site experiences a lot of traffic each day – like the e-mail site Post.cz and the portal Seznam.cz – it is also extremely difficult to weed out which hit was malicious.

E While the rate of computer hacking attacks are still not at the same level as in the United States – where more people have access to the Internet and computers – Nalevajko said he expects intrusions from Czech hackers to increase. For now, hackers tend to show off their skill than doing any real damage. But the instances of hackers trying to establish back-door access or copying databases is on the rise, Dastych said. Despite companies’ vigilance against intrusion, hacking will probably remain a fear for Czech firms with a Web presence. “We thought our site was pretty secure, but someone was too clever,” Nalevajko said.

desert – opustit

disrupting – přerušující

intrusion – vstup, vetření se

malicious – konaný ve zlém úmyslu

overload – přetížit

to regurgitate – opakovat

to tend to – inklinovat k

untraceable – nevystopovatelný

vigilance – ostražitost

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.

1 Seznam tracks for hackers

2 Hackers disrupted operations
3 There will be more hackers in the Czech Republic

4 Hackers can be anywhere

5 Binary.division got inside Post.cz

2) Read the article again and answer the questions.

1 What is the article about?

2 Who are binary.division? What have they done?

3 Who is Jiří Dastych? What does he say?

4 Where can hackers be found?

5 Why do the attacked companies rarely contact the police?

3) Explain the following words.

1 username

2 Web sites

3 hacker

4 private data

5 e-mail site

Who is a hacker? What does a hacker do? Whose computer networks do they break into? How can hackers misuse information and data?

Adjusted to:

 http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/32866-hackers-see-little-risk-in-breaking-law.html